张文倩 碳酸铯微观结构研究
摘要:本文利用X, Pert Pro X射线散射仪,通过模型计算得到了不同盐水摩尔比(1:15, 1:35, 1:50)的碳酸铯溶液在不同温度(323 K, 298 K, 273 K和 248 K)下的微观结构参数。其中,Cs-O平均距离为0.323 nm,对应的配位数约为5.17。分子间相互作用Cs-C(CO32-)的平均配位距离为0.318 nm,配位数随浓度变化。其中盐水摩尔比1:15的样品溶液接近饱和,因此形成Cs-CO32-接触离子对的可能性更大,对应的配位数约为0.89;摩尔比为1:35的样品溶液对应的配位数约为0.31,1:50溶液离子几乎处于完全水合的条件下,对应的分子间配位数仅为0.03。三种不同摩尔比的溶液代表着三种不同的内部结构,体现在不同的微观结构参数上。氢键中的O-O距离约0.275 nm,对应的配位数约为2.23。分子间相互作用C(CO32-)-OH2的平均距离约0.374 nm,配位数约为7.28。碳酸根离子和铯离子在溶液中发生水合,部分形成接触离子对。CO32-形成的水合结构类似于氢键,此外,由模型计算结果可知,分子内相互作用参数((O-H(H2O), C-O(CO32-), O-O(CO32-))随温度和浓度的变化不大。对于分子间相互作用(Cs-O(H2O), Cs-O(II), O-O(H-bonding)),配位距离和配位数随温度和浓度的变化明显。
Abstract: The micro-structure parameters of Cs2CO3 solution (salt/water molar ratios are 1:15, 1:35, 1:50) at 323 K, 298 K, 273 K, and 248 K were obtained by model calculation with X, Pert Pro X-ray diffractometer. The obtained average Cs-O distance is 0.323 nm, and the corresponding coordination number is ~5.17. Interaction distance of Cs-C(CO32-) is 0.318 nm, coordination number varies with the concentration. Molar ratio of 1:15 solution is nearly saturated, and there is a bigger probability to form contact ion pairs (Cs-CO32-) with the coordination number 0.89 in average; The number of 1:35 is ~0.31, and the 1:50 samples are guaranteed to be fully hydrated with less contact ion pairs, resulting in an average coordination number of 0.03. Three different molar ratios represent three microstates of inside solutions, so there are differences in the microstructure parameters among samples. The coordination distance of O-O (H-bonding) is ~0.275 nm and the coordination number is ~2.23. The interaction distance of C(CO32-)-OH2 is ~0.374 nm and the number of the interaction is ~7.28. The carbonate ion as well as cesium ion exists in a hydrated cluster in the solution, and partly forming contact ions with each other. The interaction between oxygen atoms in CO32- and water molecules around CO32- is similar to the hydrogen bonds. In addition, it can be concluded that the parameters of intra-molecular interactions (O-H(H2O), C-O(CO32-), O-O(CO32-)) change little with the changing temperature and concentration according to the model calculation results. For inter-molecular interactions (Cs-O(H2O), Cs-O(II), O-O(H-bonding)), the changing of coordination distances and numbers is obvious with temperature and concentration.
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