基于高密度电法的路基溶洞注浆精准检测模型试验2026

　　

针对岩溶路基下伏溶洞注浆体与围岩电性差异不足、注浆效果难以准确评价的问题，研发了一种导电水泥基注浆材料，并开展室内模型试验。采用高密度电阻率法（ERT）对无填充溶洞、常规注浆区及导电注浆区的电阻率响应特征进行对比分析。结果表明，普通水泥浆与石灰岩围岩电阻率高度重叠（4390～4723 Ω·m），难以通过ERT有效区分；而掺入碳纤维（0.8 wt%）、减水剂（0.25 wt%）及吸水树脂（0.4 wt%）的导电水泥基材料电阻率降低至260 Ω·m，与围岩形成94%的电阻率对比度。ERT反演结果显示，导电注浆区呈现明显中低阻异常特征，与空洞区高阻闭合异常及常规注浆区背景响应形成显著差异。研究表明，导电注浆材料与ERT联合检测能够有效提高岩溶注浆区域识别能力，为注浆效果评价提供可靠依据。

To address the difficulty in accurately evaluating the grouting effectiveness of karst caves beneath subgrade structures due to insufficient electrical contrast between grouting materials and surrounding rocks, a conductive cement-based grouting material was developed and an indoor model test was conducted. The electrical resistivity responses of unfilled cavities, conventional grouting zones, and conductive grouting zones were comparatively investigated using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). The results show that the resistivity values of ordinary cement grout and limestone surrounding rock exhibit significant overlap (4390–4723 Ω·m), making them difficult to distinguish effectively using ERT. In contrast, the conductive cement-based material incorporating carbon fibers (0.8 wt%), water reducer (0.25 wt%), and super absorbent polymer (0.4 wt%) exhibits a significantly reduced resistivity of 260 Ω·m, producing a resistivity contrast of 94% with the surrounding rock. The ERT inversion results reveal that the conductive grouting zone presents distinct medium-to-low resistivity anomalies, which can be clearly differentiated from the high-resistivity closed-loop anomaly of the cavity zone and the background response of the conventional grouting zone. The results demonstrate that the combination of conductive grouting materials and ERT can effectively improve the identification capability of karst grouting zones and provide reliable support for grouting performance evaluation.

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